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Study Information
Study Attribute Value
CEBS Accession Number: 002-01656-0003-0000-3
Chemical Name: Anthracene
CASRN: 120-12-7
NTP Study Type: Genetic Toxicology - Mammalian Cell Mutagenicity
NTP Study ID: G18716
Study Result: Positive


Table Instructions and Notes:
Studies are indicated to be "Nontoxic" when the observed reductions in relative total growth did not indicate that the maximum tolerated dose was achieved.

Nonactivation Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 101 117 142 47 41
    90 90 92 34
    96 82 114 40
    83 110 105 42
Test Chemical Anthracene 
3.13      
 87 96 87 34 34
    92 97 96 35
  
6.25      
 77 96 118 51 46
    94 112 118 42
  
12.5       
 74 83 85 39 41
    85 82 113 44
  
25         
 82 83 86 35 31
    76 97 63 28
  
50         
 110 113 118 36 32
    103 101 85 28
Positive Control Ethyl Methane Sulfonate 
500         
 39 26 961 814 877*
    39 23 1109 940

Nonactivation Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 100 83 113 38 34
    104 114 89 28
    104 106 114 37
    103 96 102 33
Test Chemical Anthracene 
1.56      
 92 87 81 29 32
    104 78 118 38
    103 103 94 30
  
3.13      
 103 74 104 34 36
    86 80 104 40
    104 78 105 34
  
6.25      
 91 77 131 48 44
    97# 81 116 40
    90 101 120 44
  
12.5       
 98 74 108 37 37
    90 97 93 35
    85 95 103 40
  
25         
 87 91 93 36 39
    90 91 117 43
    96 90 112 39
  
50         
 89 87 91 34 33
    97 91 94 32
    99 84 93 31
Positive Control Ethyl Methane Sulfonate 
500         
 57 36 793 464 400*
    96 50 994 344
    94 45 1105 393

Non-Induced S9 Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Positive
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 69 96 129 63 75
    81 94 189 78
    66 95 174 87
    81 115 169 70
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.25      
 79 104 141 60 69
    79 102 184 78
  
 0.5       
 83 75 208 83 79
    94 86 213 76
  
1         
 67 64 258 128 110
    63 74 174 92
  
2         
 73 43 297 137 118*
    83 58 250 100
  
3         
 65 21 497 256 232*
    72 24 452 208
  
4         
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
7         
 64 52 462 243 200*
    69 72 325 158

Non-Induced S9 Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Positive
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 95 112 178 63 81
    70 93 181 86
    53 77 158 99
    74 118 169 76
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.125     
 80 95 198 83 79
    73 87 164 75
  
 0.25      
 79 95 193 82 82
    76 86 187 82
  
 0.5       
 81 85 199 82 79
    85 69 192 75
  
1         
 78 56 234 100 106
    71 46 237 111
  
2         
 61 10 515 283 273*
    54 9 426 262
  
3         
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
7         
 60 39 526 292 278*
    62 43 487 263

Non-Induced S9 Trial: 3 Experiment Call: Positive
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 74 110 110 49 55
    91 89 173 64
    83 92 115 46
    85 109 159 62
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.25      
 74 77 151 68 60
    83 99 153 61
    101 92 157 52
  
 0.5       
 82# 80 275 112 104*
    61 75 228 124
    76 90 177 77
  
 0.75      
 81 77 236 97 87*
    85# 79 206 81
    83 74 202 81
  
1         
 76 44 205 90 99*
    80# 60 244 102
    60 51 187 104
  
1.5       
 88 22 287 109 108*
    71 18 256 120
    77 45 220 96
  
2         
 60 13 188 104 163*
    60 14 341 189
    43 8 255 197
  
3         
   
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
7         
 61 34 325 178 194*
    58 42 363 208
    73 43 430 197

Induced S9 Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Equivocal
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 83 117 179 72 76
    100 87 216 72
    78 86 178 76
    80 110 198 83
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.125     
 68 102 187 92 90
    80 126 213 88
  
 0.25      
 67 106 160 80 82
    80 108 200 84
  
 0.5       
 79 92 189 80 80
    58 91 139 81
  
1         
 76 103 209 92 85
    67 78 157 78
  
2         
 81 49 172 71 71
    77 40 166 72
  
4         
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 29 12 535 618 575*
    41 17 660 532

Induced S9 Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Equivocal
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 95 105 125 44 42
    91 98 114 42
    96 95 108 37
    93 102 124 44
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.25      
 88 61 110 42 43
    96 76 126 44
  
 0.5       
 109 96 120 37 37
    103 89 117 38
  
1         
 93 70 119 43 47
    84 61 128 51
  
2         
 95 55 138 48 47
    97 60 135 46
  
3         
 91 32 202 74 67*
    85 23 153 60
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 61 26 673 370 365*
    64 19 692 360

Induced S9 Trial: 3 Experiment Call: Negative
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 117# 88 91.5 26 29
    98 106 87 30
    107# 98 110 34
    103 108 80 26
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.5       
 95 79 61 21 30
    102# 81 90 29
    87# 74 99 38
  
1         
 107# 81 120 37 35
    105 80 106 34
    89 72 87 33
  
2         
 107 62 89 28 27
    105# 61 71 22
    102 61 93 30
  
3         
 106 16 178 56 45*
    65 7 96 49
    85 16 100 39
    109# 9 114 35
  
4         
   
   
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 39# 8 459 392 385*
    44# 13 495 378

Induced S9 Trial: 4 Experiment Call: Negative
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 77# 106 227 98 57
    86# 100 64.5 25
    57 74 90 53
    80 120 121 50
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.75      
 65 51 91 47 39
    70 91 79 38
    64 87 64 33
  
1         
 75 87 110 49 44
    85 110 105 41
    63 65 78 42
  
1.5       
 78 65 137 58 50
    81# 106 135 56
    90 75 101 37
  
2         
 100 70 143 48 52
    83 63 134 54
    77 75 128 56
  
3         
 61 56 138 76 70
    76 71 155 68
    81 40 160 66
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 31# 9 232.5 254 300*
    37# 9 379.5 345

Induced S9 Trial: 5 Experiment Call:
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 76# 108 161 71 43
    83# 100 46.5 19
    55 74 64 39
    77 119 97 42
Test Chemical Anthracene 
 0.75      
 61 50 69 38 30
    68 91 57 28
    58 80 44 25
  
1         
 83 112 72 29 33
    73 88 73 33
    60 64 64 36
  
1.5       
 78 67 100 43 38
    89 76 66 25
    78# 106 109.5 47
  
2         
 78 62 79 34 41
    95 68 116 41
    78 78 111 47
  
3         
 86 82 113 44 50
    74 38 123 56
    56 53 84 50
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 36# 9 271.5 255 236*
    29# 9 186 218

Induced S9 Trial: 6 Experiment Call:
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 95 147 144 51 43
    104 73 136 44
    91 115 102 37
    58 66 68 39
Test Chemical Anthracene 
1         
 73 123 71 33 37
    64 122 73 38
    70 142 83 40
  
2         
 73 116 106 49 44
   
    75# 105 89 40
  
3         
 77 129 100 43 47
    75 100 126 56
    97 98 119 41
  
4         
 79 78 163 69 72*
    98# 63 200 68
    80 91 191 79
  
5         
 54 48 175 108 99*
    63# 65 153 82
    70 37 227 108
  
6         
 50 5 291 193 159*
    33 22 151 154
    50# 35 194 130
  
8         
   
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
2.5       
 600*
    11 2 204 600

Footnotes:
Asterisks(*) indicate significant responses.
r = rejected value due to quality control criteria
# = reduced sample size because of the loss of one culture dish due to contamination