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Study Information
Study Attribute Value
CEBS Accession Number: 002-02373-0010-0000-8
Chemical Name: Lithocholic acid
CASRN: 434-13-9
NTP Study Type: Genetic Toxicology - Mammalian Cell Mutagenicity
NTP Study ID: G78265
Study Result: Negative


Table Instructions and Notes:
Studies are indicated to be "Nontoxic" when the observed reductions in relative total growth did not indicate that the maximum tolerated dose was achieved.

Nonactivation Trial: 1 Experiment Call:
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 54 89 43 26 23
    55 72 33 20
    40r 47 71 59
    51 138 36 24
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
3.9       
 70 47 49 23 22
    60 43 38 21
  
7.8       
 61 43 45 24 24
    57 43 39 23
  
15.6       
 69 56 28 13 15
    61 58 30 16
  
31.3       
 61# 61 28.5 16 16
    50 31 24 16
  
62.5       
 38 5 52 45 36
    39 5 32 28
  
93.8       
   
Positive Control Ethyl Methane Sulfonate 
500         
 7r 6 516 2345 571*
    24 18 411 571

Nonactivation Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Negative
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 90 88 37 14 15
    97 91 45 15
    98 120 49 17
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
25         
 91 87 49 18 18
    93 97 50 18
  
50         
 94 99 44 16 15
    102 116 45 15
  
62.5       
 110 98 51 15 16
    111 106 56 17
  
80         
 94 81 35 12 17
    104 70 69 22
  
100         
 97 61 62 21 21
    93 49 56 20
Positive Control Ethyl Methane Sulfonate 
500         
 54 23 734 457 493*
    54 28 829 515
    52 33 797 508

Nonactivation Trial: 3 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 93 99 30 11 13
    87 100 33 13
    94 107 35 12
    98 94 47 16
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
3.13      
 94 111 45 16 14
    99 118 47 16
    107 123 29 9
  
6.25      
 110 104 44 13 12
    115 151 32 9
    88 101 37 14
  
12.5       
 97 141 63 22 17
    103 125 38 12
    94 96 48 17
  
25         
 86 93 47 18 17
    85 97 43 17
    102 79 47 15
  
50         
 91 67 44 16 16
    80 71 44 18
    100 75 42 14
  
100         
   
   
Positive Control Ethyl Methane Sulfonate 
500         
 65 36 773 397 588*
    35 23 824 789
    52 36 900 579

Non-Induced S9 Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Negative
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 67 111 61 30 35
    92 81 115 42
    94 111 116 41
    66 97 53 27
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
6.25      
 86 125 114 44 42
    84 111 101 40
  
12.5       
 78 107 111 48 47
    89 107 124 46
  
25         
 82 98 72 29 33
    69 99 75 36
  
50         
 88 52 61 23 29
    76 33 80 35
  
70         
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
7         
 64 55 290 152 166*
    61 79 314 173
    64 70 331 172

Non-Induced S9 Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Negative
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 62 77 71 38 30
    82 97 59 24
    70 101 82 39
    87 125 50 19
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
5         
 94 133 67 24 36
    70 125 119 57
    68 114 57 28
  
10         
 67 112 83 41 40
    57 99 57 33
    63 96 86 46
  
20         
 74 124 86 39 44
    70 112 70 33
    59 74 106 60
  
30         
 72 81 71 33 34
    98 130 94 32
    73 121 82 38
  
40         
 92 42 103 37 40
    74 42 106 48
    87 45 92 35
  
50         
   
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
7         
 78 61 302 129 148*
    55 67 217 133
    69 48 377 183

Induced S9 Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 50r 44 96 64 49
    71 133 94 44
    56 89 93 55
    51 79 71 46
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
1.88      
 58 79 91 53 55
    68 88 119 58
  
3.75      
 96 126 115 40 45
    66 107 100 50
  
7.5       
 59 94 102 57 50
    80 84 104 43
  
15         
 78 89 124 53 68
    57 56 141 82
  
30         
 80 72 128 53 60
    62 71 124 67
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 29 15 501 569 500*
    35 19 448 431

Induced S9 Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Inconclusive
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 79 95 84 35 37
    89 100 120 45
    92 98 102 37
    91 107 86 31
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
1.88      
 79 87 76 32 32
    80 92 77 32
  
3.75      
 77 99 80 35 36
    73 97 82 37
  
7.5       
 79 110 98 42 46
    76 101 113 50
  
15         
 73 76 94 43 44
    79 104 105 44
  
30         
 69 72 80 39 42
    68 60 91 45
  
45         
 76 22 146 64 56
    74 21 108 48
  
60         
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 67 59 431 214 208*
    63 62 354 187
    63 49 419 221

Induced S9 Trial: 3 Experiment Call: Negative
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Dimethyl Sulfoxide 
 0         
 98 99 98 33 32
    92# 94 75 27
    85 88 82 32
    104 118 105 34
Test Chemical Lithocholic acid 
3.8       
 83 83 107 43 43
    77 54 98 43
  
7.5       
 76 90 127 56 52*
    83 84 121 49
  
15         
 85 84 114 45 44
    77 78 100 43
  
30         
 113 47 166 49 27
    98 33 12 4
  
37.5       
 97 14 114 39 48
   
    102 20 175 57
  
45         
 80 8 101 42 45
   
    96 9 136 47
  
52.5       
   
   
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
5         
 52# 23 445.5 287 338*
    43 26 477 373
    39 19 416 356

Footnotes:
Asterisks(*) indicate significant responses.
r = rejected value due to quality control criteria
# = reduced sample size because of the loss of one culture dish due to contamination