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Study Information
Study Attribute Value
CEBS Accession Number: 002-02912-0010-0000-7
Chemical Name: Titanium dioxide
CASRN: 13463-67-7
NTP Study Type: Genetic Toxicology - Mammalian Cell Mutagenicity
NTP Study ID: 006080
Study Result: Negative


Table Instructions and Notes:
Studies are indicated to be "Nontoxic" when the observed reductions in relative total growth did not indicate that the maximum tolerated dose was achieved.

Nonactivation Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Water 
 0         
 105 88 102 32 35
    109 91 104 32
    101 120 125 41
    156r 139 91 19
Test Chemical Titanium dioxide 
3.13      
 116 119 127 37 32
    109 123 87 27
    125r 154 96 26
  
6.25      
 108 128 99 31 26
    113 131 81 24
    113 102 77 23
  
12.5       
 117 111 88 25 25
    124r 67 77 21
    118 46 89 25
  
25         
 100 93 79 26 30
    115 108 100 29
    99 69 102 34
  
50         
 105 90 118 38 30
    118 71 100 28
    117 123 88 25
  
100         
 105 85 109 35 37
    110 44 126 38
    186r 150 82 15
Positive Control Methyl Methane Sulfonate 
5         
 52 8 418 265 254*
    64 15 535 277
    97 68 634 219

Nonactivation Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Water 
 0         
 107 116 108 34 30
    116 57 87 25
    106 103 101 32
    106 138 89 28
Test Chemical Titanium dioxide 
1.56      
 109 97 98 30 27
    99 59 77 26
    106 87 83 26
  
3.13      
 77 96 54 23 25
    111 98 82 25
    96 92 75 26
  
6.25      
 109 89 65 20 27
    93 78 93 33
    104 108 88 28
  
12.5       
 118 92 94 27 24
    102 119 70 23
    110 112 72 22
  
25         
 95 71 86 30 30
    79 83 65 27
    113 92 107 31
  
50         
 112 97 109 32 32
    135r 124 87 22
    110 78 104 32
Positive Control Methyl Methane Sulfonate 
5         
 81 46 620 255 286*
    89 53 702 263
    65 55 664 341

Induced S9 Trial: 1 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Water 
 0         
 99 99 80 27 27
    118 129 58 16
    97 108 72 25
    66 63 76 38
Test Chemical Titanium dioxide 
1.56      
 91 106 67 24 28
    116 122 87 25
    103 109 110 36
  
3.13      
 121r 92 85 23 32
    85 54 75 29
    94 86 96 34
  
6.25      
 129r 98 104 27
    115r 99 69 20
    139r 107 110 26
  
12.5       
 138r 143 80 19
    112r 76 95 28
    132r 83 101 26
  
25         
 117 106 75 21 21
    97 116 55 19
    104 110 67 22
  
50         
 110 112 77 23 23
    103 97 68 22
    128r 113 59 15
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
2.5       
 83 53 507 204 180*
    96 81 451 157

Induced S9 Trial: 2 Experiment Call: Negative and Non-Toxic
  Conc.
ug/mL 		Cloning
Efficiency 		Relative Total
Growth 		Mutant Colonies Mutant Frequency Avg Mutant Frequency
Vehicle Control Water 
 0         
 107 112 72 22 30
    105 89 120 38
    87# 81 80 31
    106 118 86 27
Test Chemical Titanium dioxide 
1.56      
 97# 89 91 31 33
    109 91 96 29
    113 70 131 39
  
3.13      
 117 90 131 37 49*
    109 95 167 51
    98 84 176 60
  
6.25      
 107 89 101 31 38
    118 86 150 42
    103 85 125 41
  
12.5       
 110 103 128 39 39
    115# 101 137 40
    117 92 130 37
  
25         
 118 91 132 37 39
    121r 71 178 49
    117 93 145 41
  
50         
 117r 87 116 33
    121r 71 147 40
    123r 96 102 28
Positive Control 3-Methylcholanthrene 
2.5       
 59 30 915 514 438*
    62 50 880 473
    101# 42 986 326

Footnotes:
Asterisks(*) indicate significant responses.
r = rejected value due to quality control criteria
# = reduced sample size because of the loss of one culture dish due to contamination